Additive feeding means



July 1, 1958 l.. v. EMERY .LuInJI'lIVE` FEEDING MEANS 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed March l1, 1955 IN1/wrox Lew/s v. MERY I 1 f f a va/L ATTUPNEYS July 1, 1958 L. v. EMERY 2,841,165

ADDITIVE FEEDING MEANS Filed March 11, 1955 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR.

LEWIS V. MERY BY l TTORNEYJ July l, 1958 L. V. EMERY ADDITIVE FEEDING MEANS Filed March' 11, 1955 .'5 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR.

EMERY United States Patent AnnrrIvE FEEDING MEANS Lewis V. Emery, Atlanta, Ga., assgnor to Hydra-Air Products, Atlanta, Ga., a corporation of Georgia Application March 11, 1955, Serial No. 493,717

7 Claims. (Cl. 137-99) This invention relates to means for feeding an additive fluid into a primary uid flowing under pressure, and more particularly to an additive feeding means of this sort arranged uniquely for operation from the pressure of the primary luid as the sole power source.

Generally characterized, the additive feeding means of the present invention comprises a stationary piston having a longitudinal bore therethrough and a movable piston slidably telescoped on the stationary piston so as to form a cylinder in relation thereto, with means arranged to bias the movable piston for sliding movement on the stationary piston in the direction increasing the capacity of the cylinder formed thereby, and with means connected for selectively applying pressure from the primary uid to cause sliding movement of the movable piston in the opposite direction against the bias thereon, so that a pump is thereby formed by which additive fluid may be drawn through the stationary piston bore during biased sliding movement of said movable piston and injected therefrom into the primary uid during opposite movement of the movable piston. This arrangement provides a very compact and exceedingly simple feeding means that may not only be constructed at substantially less expense than has been usual in devices of this sort Aheretofore available, but that also eliminates any need for a separate power source as is normally required and avoids the complication in operating controls'heretofore commonly encountered.

' These and other features of the present invention are described in further detail below in connection with the accompanying drawing, in which:

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of feeding means arranged in accordance with the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a sectional detail taken substantially on the line 2--2 in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a side elevation at the side opposite that seen in Fig. l; v

Fig. 4 is an end elevation as seen from the right in Fig. 3 and the left in Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a sectional detail taken substantially on the line 5-5 in Fig. 4; and v t Fig. 6 is an exploded perspective view of the control valve operating means.

Referring now in detail to the drawings, the embodiment of the present invention illustrated comprises a cylinder 10 having a movable piston 11 slidably fitted therein. The movable piston 11 carries a sealing ring at 12 adjacent the end forming its exterior working face, and it is` further formed with a bore 13 opening at its other end and in which a stationary piston 14 having a 'longitudinal bore 15 is slidably telescoped.

The stationary piston 14 is formed integrally, or otherwise assembled in fixed relation, with a base block 16 from which tie rods 17 are extended to a head block 18 for clamping the cylinder 10 therebetween. An enlarged diameter portion 19 is arranged concentrically on the stationary piston 14 at the clamping face of the base Ablock 16 for positioning the cylinder 10 properly thereat,

2,841,165 Patented July 1, 1958 "lee and the clamping face of the head block 18 is similarly formed with a positioning plug portion at 20 that is stepped to receive a sealing ring 21 for the adjacent end of cylinder 10.

Adjacent the enlarged diameter base portion 19, the stationary piston 14 has a further stepped portion 22 of intermediate diameter for seating one end of a bias spring 23 to bear at its other end on the movable piston 11, the adjacent end of the movable piston 11 being reduced in diameter at 24 for similarly seating the spring 23. The extending end of the stationary piston 14 that is telescoped Within the movable piston bore 13 is also fitted with a sealing ring 25, so that the movable piston 11 forms a cylinder in relation to the stationary piston 14, as well as serving as a piston within the cylinder 10.

Separate connections to the respective cylinder-piston structures thus formed are provided through the base block 16 and the head block 18. For this purpose, the longitudinal bore 1S through the stationary piston 14 is extended into the base block 16 as seen best in Fig. 5 at 26, and rst and second lateral ports 27 and 28 thereto are arranged in the base block 16 to have intake and discharge lines 29 and 30 connected thereat; these lines 29 and 30 each being fitted with check valves, as indicated at 31 and 32 in Fig. 5, disposed respectively so to allow only intakey or discharge ow therein.

Flow through the intake line 295 is induced by displacement of the movable piston 11 in the direction increasing the capacity of thecylinder formed thereby in relation to the stationary piston 14, as such displacement applies suction to the intake line 29; and the bias spring 23 is arranged to cause such displacement when` not resisted. Flow in the opposite direction through the discharge line 30 is in turn produced by reversed displacement of the movable piston 11 against the bias thereon.

The reversed displacement of the movable piston 11 is obtained by applying pressure to its exterior working face within the cylinder 10 through Van axial opening 33 formed in the head block 18 to communicate with a cross channel 34 therein (as seen best in Fig. 2) to which a connecting line 35 runs from a slide valve 36. This slide valve 36 is arranged to carry a mounting plate 37 for supporting the base and head blocks 16 and 18, as asv sembled with the cylinder 10 and pistons 11 and 14, and

Aously noted discharge line 30 is connected.

The pressure line 40 runs to the slide valve 36 at a position spaced to one side of a central position for the head block connecting line 35, and a waste line 42 is connected at an equally spaced position to the other side, all in relation to a valve rod 43 having a center piston head 44 and end piston heads 45 and 46 spaced for alternately straddling the connecting line 35 with either the pressure line 40 or the Waste line 42. At the full line position shown in the drawings, particularly Fig. 5, the valve rod 43 is disposed to apply the pressure line 40 to the connecting line 35 between the valve rod piston heads 44.and 45, while upon shifting to the dotted line position in Fig. 5, the valve rod 43 opens the connecting line 35 to the waste line 42 between the piston heads 44 and 46.

Shifting of the valve rod 43 between these alternate positions is actuated through a yoke 47 mounted at the Vopposite ends of the valve rod and fitted midway of its center leg with spaced rollers 48, between which a l'cam lip 49 ofv an operating lever 50 is disposed. This operating lever 50 has a pivot mounting at 51 on the body of slide valve 36 just above the valve rod yoke a pivot'stud 53 on the conduit fitting 38 and carrying a bias spring 54 thereon for yieldablyA urging full shifting of the yoke 47 and valve rod 43 to either of the above noted alternate positions and, maintaining them so shiftedv until purposely displaced., They upper end' of the operating lever 50 extends between spaced rollers 55 carried by a slide bar 56 having a spline portion 57 at its opposite face for aligning disposition within a slot 58 formedL longitudinally in the adjacent side of; the cylinder and through which the spline portion 57 reaches for attachment to an arcuate key 59 seated ina circumferential groove 60 formed adjacent the end of the movable piston 11V at which thev bore 13' thereof opens, and through which arrangement the operating lever 50 is made to. follow the displacement of theV movable piston 11.

In operation, the above described additive feeding means is arranged withA the conduit fitting 38 thereof interposed in ak feed conduit (not shown) for the primary uid tov betreated, so that the flow of the primary fluid is. from left to right as indicated by directional arrows in Fig. l, andl with the intake line 29 extended for immersion in a supply of the treating additive (not shown) exposed to atmospheric pressure, so that this intake line 29 and the discharge line 30 form a second feed conduit having the cylinder-piston structure of the movableand stationary pistons 11 and 14 interposed therein and connected to the conduit tting. 38 for injecting the primary fluid flowing therethrough with additive.

At the start of operation, the movable piston 11 will be disposed by the bias spring 23 at its farthest position tothe left as seen in Figs. l and 5, and the operating lever 50 will be shifted to join the pressure line 40 to the connecting line 35 through the slide valve 36,

so that upon commencement of primary fluid flow through the conduit fitting 38 pressure from the primary fluid will be transmitted Vto the head block 18 and into the cylinder 10 to force the movable piston 11 to the right against the force of the bias spring 23.

It should be noted in this connection that the tap plug, 39 at which the pressure line 40 is connected to the conduit fitting 38 incorporates` a check or cut-off valve means comprising a valve rod 61 disposed in. a slotted guide portion 62 extending vertically upward from the tap plug 39 so that the valve rod 61 is biased by gravity to seat in the tap plug, 39 at its bottom end and close the channel 63` therein leading to the pressure line 40. The valve rody 61 also has a circular. flange portion 64 arranged thereon for transverse disposition,

above the slotted guide portion 62, within a well portion 65 of the conduit ttingV 38,v so. that flow ofthe primary fluidin the conduit fitting will', result in raisingv the valve rod 6I to openthe tap plug to the pressure lineY 40, as long as this flow continues. B`y this means, thedevice `of the present invention is prevented yfrom operating in response to static pressure ofl tlieprimary fluid in the conduit fitting 38, so that feeding of additive can only occur in relation to primary fluid flow. Also, it should be noted that the head block 18 has a throttle valve 66 fitted therein for adjusting the flow from the connecting line 35 through the head block crossv channel 34` to the axial opening 33 therein, and thereby controlling the displacement speed of the. movable piston 11 by throttling the pressure applied thereto in relation to the force exerted bythe opposed. bias spring 23. and accordingly adjusting the rate at which fed toltheprimary fluid.

As the movable piston, 11 is forced to the right in the above noted'manner, its displacement will result in` throwingthe operating lever 50 to the alternate positionindicated by dotted lines in Fig. lV and thereby shifting the slide valve` 36. to close the. pressure: line 40 and open the connecting line 35 to the Waste line 42, so as to release the displacement pressure from the primary, fluid on the movable piston 11 and'. allow it to berettlrned 4. to its original position by the bias spring 23. During this return' stroke', tlre` cylinder' formed` byr theV movable piston 11 in relation to the stationary piston 14 will ncrease in capacity so as to impress a suction at the longitudinal bore 15 of the stationary piston 14 and draw additive fluid through the intake line 29 to fill the movable piston 11 interiorly. Upon the next pressure stroke, the movable pist'on 11 will act to pump or expel the; additive fluid therein throughv the discharge line 30 and thereby inject it in the primary fluid at the addition port' 41'. Continued operation in thisman'- ner results in continued feeding of thev additive fluid at a rate proportioned: to the primary fluid flow through the conduit fitting, 38 so as to provide an exceptionally dependable meansfor carryi'ngoutY additive treating operation, such as chlorination or fluorination and the like.

This invention has been described in detail above for purposes of illustration only and is not intended to be limited by this description. or otherwise except as defined in the appended claims.

I claim:l

l. In combination with a first feed conduit for supplying a primary' fluid' underpressure, and a second feed conduit connected to said first feed' conduit for supplying an additive fluid thereto, means actuated from'. the primary fluid pressure in said first conduit for feeding additive fluid' thereto through said' second conduit, said means comprising a stationarypiston, a movable piston slidably mounted on said stationary, piston and forming a cylinder* in relation thereto, said` movable piston4 being biased for'sliding'movement on. said stationary piston in the direction increasing' the capacity of' the cylinder formed' by said movable piston in relation to said stationary piston, means for selectively kapplying said primary fluid pressure from said first' conduit to saidimovable piston for causing it to move on saidstationary piston'inv the opposite. direction with respect to said bias, means admitting` said additive fluid'through said stationary piston to the cylinder formed'v by' said movable piston during biased movement of said movable piston in said first'mentioned.direction, and" means connecting said stationary piston to said second conduit for feeding of additive fluid therethroughY to said first conduit during moveL ment of said movable piston in said opposite direction.

2. Means for feeding an additive fluid' into a' primary fluid flowing under pressure, said means comprising a stationary piston having4 a longitudinal bore therethrough, a movableV piston mounted on said stationary piston for sliding movement adjacent oneendthereof and forming a cylinder in relation' to said stationary piston, meansk biasing said movable piston for slidingY movement in thel direction extending from saidist'ationary piston end, means for selectively applyingl the pressure of said primary fluid to' said movable piston and thereby causing said piston to move in the direction opposite thebias thereon, means for admitting additive fluid throughthe bore in said stationary piston only during. biased sliding movement of said' movable piston', and means for allowing additive fluid to be fed from the bore of said' stationary piston only'during sliding movementA of said movable piston in said opposite direction.

3. Means for feeding anY additive fluid into a primary fluid'v flowing under pressure said means comprising, a stationary piston having a., longitudinal bore therethrough, a movable piston slidably telescoped' on said stationary piston and' thereby forming a cylinder in relation to said stationary piston,v means biasing said movable piston. for sliding movement' on said stationarypiston inthe direction increasing', the capacity off the cylinder formed thereby, valve means operated', by, sliding movementof said movable piston. in said. biased; direction for applyingv the pressure of saidprimary. fluidto, saidmovable. piston and thereby causing the sliding movement of said piston to reverse againstthe bias. tl1ereonsaid valve?y means. being further operated.: by said' reversed slidinggmovementI for releasing said pressure and thereby allowing return of said movable piston under the bias thereon, means for admitting additive fluid through the bore of said stationary piston t-o the cylinder formed by said movable piston during movement thereof under said bias, and means for allowing said admitted additive uid to be fed through the bore of said stationary piston into said primary uid during movement -of said-movable piston against the bias thereon.

4. An additive feedingfmeans for injecting an additive uid in a primary fluid flowing under pressure, said means comprising a cylinder, a movable piston slidably fitted in said cylinder and having a bore opening at one end thereof, a stationary piston slidably telescoped in said movable piston bore and having a bore extending therethrough, means biasing lsaid movable piston for sliding movement in said cylinder in the direction opposite the end thereof at which the ybore therein opens, valve means operated by sliding movement of said movable piston in said biased direction for'applying pressure yfrom said primary uid exterior-ly to said movable piston within said cylinder and thereby causing the sliding movement of said movable piston toreverse against the bias thereon, said valve means being further operated by said reversed sliding movement for releasing said pressure and thereby allowing return of said movable piston under the bias thereon, means for admitting additive fluid interiorly of said movable piston through the bore of said stationary piston during movement of said movable piston under said bias, and means for, allowing said admitted additive iiuid to be fed through the bore of said stationary piston into said primary uid during movement of said movable piston against the bias thereon.

5. An additive feeding means as dened in claim 4 and further characterized in that said valve means comprises a slide valve, an operating lever therefor, and tripping means carried by said movable piston for throwing said operating lever and shifting said slide valve in accordance with the direction of sliding movement of said movable piston.

6. An additive feeding means as dened in claim 4 and further characterized in that said valve means incorporates a pressure line running thereto as a tap from said primary luid, and said pressure line is fitted with a check valve biased for closing when not maintained open by the ilow of said primary fluid.

7. An additive feeding means as defined in claim 4 and further characterized in that said valve means incorporates a connecting line running therefrom to said cylinder for applying pressure from said primary fluid Within Y said cylinder, and said connecting line is itted with a throttle valve for adjusting the extent of sliding movement of said movable piston against the bias thereon.

References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,448,757 Maegly Mar. 20, 1923 1,929,564 Rolph Oct. 10, 1933 2,305,023 Moore Dec. 15, 1942 2,413,029 McFarland Dec. 24, 1946 2,445,540 Smillie July 20, 1948 FOREIGN PATENTS 370,842 Great Britain Apr. 14, 1932 

